it is possible that an eeprom can erase by itself?
no. an eeprom can not erase by itself. and even though it has inbuild write and erase routines they need special command sequences to prevent accidential destruction of data.
there always is a reason why hardware stops working. with mainboard the reason is most likely NOT the bios with one exception: something went wrong during flashing the bios (wrong file, corrupted file, ...)